火炮动态后坐装置有限元分析与优化

活塞缸是火炮动态后坐装置中的关键部件,其结构强度设计是整个实验装置强度设计的核心。利用I-DEAS软件,在对其进行实体建模和有限元网格划分的基础上,计算了活塞缸整体的应力应变值,得到了活塞缸工作时的应力应变图,并对其结构中应力状况恶劣的部位进行了结构优化。     

塑料农膜与农业生产可持续发展

农膜的应用对农业发展做出了不可估量的贡献,但是,长期过量使用化肥、农药和塑料农膜将导致土壤板结,地力下降,水体污染和负营养化,破坏自然生态系统的结构和功能。如何合理使用塑料农膜,确保农业生产可持续发展,是摆在每一位环境保护工作者面前的重要课题。     

动态灰色时序系统 DGTS 及其在安全策略规范中的应用

设计安全策略模型时应考虑安全策略的时序特性和灰色特性,还应综合考虑保密性、完整性和可用性三方面的需求。已有的安全模型没有描述时序性和灰色特性,而且一般只侧重描述保密性或完整性。为此,本文提出了动态灰色时序系统（简称ＤＧＴＳ）。本文详细描述了ＤＧＴＳ,以及基于ＤＧＴＳ的动态语义设计的灰色时序安全策略规范语言ＧＴＳＬ。     

The structure of the defense industry and the security needs of the country: a differentiated products model

This paper models the interactions between the defense needs of the USA and Western Europe, which produce several heterogeneous defense goods, and the defense industry market structure. The results show that net defense costs of the USA and Europe are lower when the number of defense firms in each arms‐producing country is small and when the world prices of the defense goods are high. The model predicts that the increase in world prices will crowd‐out countries in the developing world from the market for modern weapon systems and may force them to develop and use ‘cheap and dirty’ weapon systems.     

Estimating defence budget saving from disarmament: the United States’ case

Probing the technology in the production of US national defence by using a dynamic cost‐function model with adjustment costs, this paper evaluates the effect of reducing the level of national defence on the defence budget saving. Our inquiry involves estimating the defence production structure without output data for non‐market goods that are normally unavailable. Our findings include: (i) the United States behaves rationally to minimize cost in the production of national defence; (ii) the adjustment costs are larger in disarmament than in military build‐up; (iii) due to the adjustment costs peculiar to disarmament, the defence budget saving from disarmament appears small, but cutbacks allow great savings on the defence budget.     

基于微分几何与李群的无人机编队会合方法

在领航-跟随编队模式下,设计了一种基于追缉策略的无人机编队会合方法。首先,基于微分几何曲线论和弗雷涅-塞雷标架建立了无人机非解耦三维运动模型,其中将曲率和挠率作为控制量;结合该模型给出了无人机三维编队会合问题的数学描述,它将导弹制导问题中的终端落角约束映射为编队会合问题中僚机的航迹倾角约束,同时引入额外的航迹方位角约束;然后使用特殊正交群的元素来度量长僚机方向偏差,并通过局部坐标映射将其映射为对应李代数空间中的旋量;接着,基于该旋量设计了编队会合几何导引律,并给出相应的曲率和挠率控制指令;最后,分别在长机稳定平飞和转弯机动条件下进行了多机编队会合数字仿真实验,仿真结果显示僚机能够有效地跟踪长机航向并收敛至指定位形,说明了方法的有效性。     

结合流形滤波的矩阵信息几何检测器

针对小样本、非均匀杂波下的信号检测问题,提出一种基于流形滤波的矩阵信息几何检测器,将信号检测问题转化为矩阵流形上的几何问题。将每一个样本的相关性数据建模为一个托普利兹正定矩阵,在此基础上,利用每一个样本数据的邻近矩阵进行加权平滑滤波,去除一部分杂波能量,提升目标与杂波间的区分性。计算了辅助样本数据对应矩阵的几何均值,通过比较待检测样本数据矩阵与几何均值矩阵之间的距离与检测门限的大小,以实现信号检测。实验结果表明,与自适应匹配滤波相比,本文方法在小样本、非均匀杂波下具有明显的性能优势。     

自由曲面的立体视觉测量与加工一体化研究

对自由曲面的立体现觉测量与加工一体化技术中的图像匹配、曲面造型以及接口设计等问题进行了分析与讨论,并提出了切实可行的解决办法。     

智能制造技术和智能制造系统

智能制造技术（ＩＭＴ）和智能制造系统（ＩＭＳ）是当今先进工业国家争相开发和探索的高技术领域之一。本文简要地介绍了该项技术的基本内容和原则,并着重从智能控制的高度概述了制造过程建模与信号分析,控制策略与方法等核心技术。本文还通过一个实例简介了ＩＭＳ的结构,借以说明该领域发展趋势。     

Optimal (τ, T) opportunistic maintenance of a k‐out‐of‐n:G system with imperfect PM and partial failure

The opportunistic maintenance of a k‐out‐of‐n:G system with imperfect preventive maintenance (PM) is studied in this paper, where partial failure is allowed. In many applications, the optimal maintenance actions for one component often depend on the states of the other components and system reliability requirements. Two new (τ, T) opportunistic maintenance models with the consideration of reliability requirements are proposed. In these two models, only minimal repairs are performed on failed components before time τ and the corrective maintenance (CM) of all failed components are combined with PM of all functioning but deteriorated components after τ; if the system survives to time T without perfect maintenance, it will be subject to PM at time T. Considering maintenance time, asymptotic system cost rate and availability are derived. The results obtained generalize and unify some previous research in this area. Application to aircraft engine maintenance is presented. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons;, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 223–239, 2000